Although England
did not enter the first three World Cup competitions of 1930, 1934 and
1938, they have taken part in all 16 competitions since the Second World
War. They have reached eleven final tournaments, nine times
through competitive qualifying play and twice automatically, first as
host nation in 1966 and then as World Cup holders in 1970. They failed
to qualify for three final tournaments, those of 1974, 1978 and 1994.
England's
semi-final match against West Germany at the World Cup 1990 final
tournament in Italy, which ended 1-1 after extra time, is recorded as a
draw under the accepted custom although West Germany advanced to the final
over England on penalty kicks, 4-3. Similarly, England's round-of-16-teams match against Argentina at the World Cup 1998 final tournament in France,
which ended 2-2 after extra time, is recorded as a draw although Argentina
advanced to the quarterfinals over England on penalty kicks, 4-3.
Penalty kick contests between two teams that have played to a draw do
not determine the result of the match, but only which of the two teams
advances to the next stage of the tournament or, if it is the
tournament's final match, which team wins the tournament.